GENERAL CONCEPT OF ELECTROLYTIC CELLS AND ELECTROLYSIS

Chemical energy can be converted into electrical energy with the help of galvanic cell.Passing of electricity through an electrolyte may bring about a chemical change.This was shown experimentally by Humphrey Davy when he isolated potassium by passing electricity through molten potassium hydroxide


ELECTROLYSIS

An electrolytic solution or a molten electrolyte contain free ion.these ions can move freely through out the solution.when an electrical potential is applied across the solution, when an electrical potential is applied across the solution ions move towards the respective electrodes:CATION move toward the cathode and ANION move towards the anode.on reaching the electrode surface these ions takes part in chemical reaction.The cation get reduced at cathode while anion get oxidized at anode.The product of these electrode reaction
  
   a)may get deposited at electrode surface 
   b)may go out in the form of gaseous product

  
  Thus,an electrolyte gets decomposed into its constituents by the passage of electricity The process of chemical decomposition of an electrolyte in solution or molten state by passage of electric current is called electrolysis.

GENERAL INTRODUCTION ON ELECTROCHEMISTRY

The branch of science which deals with the study of chemical and physical process in which electricity is either produced or consumed is called electrochemistry.

                               

                                     OR

Electrochemistry is a branch of chemistry that studies chemical reactions which take place in a solution at the interface of an electron conductor and an ionic conductor. These reactions involve electron transfer between the electrode and the electrolyte or species in solution. If a chemical reaction is driven by an externally applied voltage, as in electrolysis, or if a voltage is created by a chemical reaction as in a battery, it is an electrochemical reaction. In contrast, chemical reactions where electrons are transferred between molecules are called oxidation/reduction reactions. In general, electrochemistry deals with situations where oxidation and reduction reactions are separated in space or time, connected by an external electric circuit. 

                                     

COORDINATION COMPOUNDS INTRODUCTION

All the transition element exhibit the characterstics properties of complex ion formation. the compound containing complex ion are called coordination compoundThese compounds are present Widely in mineral plant, animal and are known to play many important biological function. the pigment responsible for photosynthesis chlorophyll is coordination compound of magnesium.  the respiratonl  processes is  regulated by blood pigment haemoglobin which the coordination compound of iron a variety of metallurgical process,  industrial catalyst and analytical reagent in both the use of coordination compound.  Many Complex metal oxide and sulphide which constitute minerals are solid state coordination compound. 
 the development 
.in the field of coordination compound or organometallic has distributed a lot in the following ways in the development of new concept of chemical bonding and molecular structure
. in contributed to the growth of chemical industry such as metallurgy catalysis etc
  .provide insight into the structure and functioning of biological system

Thus it appears that the study of such compounds should be rewarding to all those involved with the study of chemistry.

COORDINATION COMPOUND SOME IMPORTANT TERMS

THERE are some term used in the coordination compound the terms are described below

COMPLEX ION: an electrically charged species which retain its identity in the solid as well in the solution is called complex ion

LIGANDS:   the molecular or ionic species which  gets attached to the central metal atom or ion during the formation of complex ion is called ligand.